STATE OF IDAHO JUDICIAL BRANCH
Supreme Court

Idaho Rules of Evidence Rule 803. Exceptions to the Rule Against Hearsay – Regardless of Whether the Declarant is Available as a Witness.

The following are not excluded by the rule against hearsay, regardless of whether the declarant is available as a witness:

(1)  Present Sense Impression. A statement describing or explaining an event or condition, made while or immediately after the declarant perceived it.

(2)  Excited Utterance. A statement relating to a startling event or condition, made while the declarant was under the stress of excitement that it caused.

(3)  Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition. A statement of the declarant's then-existing state of mind (such as motive, intent, or plan) or emotional, sensory, or physical condition (such as mental feeling, pain, or bodily health), but not including a statement of memory or belief to prove the fact remembered or believed unless it relates to the validity or terms of the declarant's will.

(4)  Statement Made for Medical Diagnosis or Treatment. A statement that:

(A)  is made for – and is reasonably pertinent to – medical diagnosis or treatment; and 

(B)  describes medical history; past or present symptoms or sensations; or their source.

(5)  Recorded Recollection. A record that:

(A)  is on a matter the witness once knew about but now cannot recall well enough to testify fully and accurately;

(B)  was made or adopted by the witness when the matter was fresh in the witness's memory; and

(C) accurately reflects the witness's knowledge.

If admitted, the record may be read into evidence but may be received as an exhibit only if offered by an adverse party.

(6)  Records of a Regularly Conducted Activity. A record of an act, event, condition, opinion, or diagnosis if:

(A)  the record was made at or near the time by – or from information transmitted by – someone with knowledge;

(B)  the record was kept in the course of a regularly conducted activity of a business, organization, occupation, or calling, whether or not for profit;

(C)  making the record was a regular practice of that activity;

(D)  all these conditions are shown by the testimony of the custodian or another qualified witness, or by a certification that complies with Rule 902(11) or (12); and

(E)  the opponent does not show that the source of information or the method or circumstances of preparation indicate a lack of trustworthiness.

(7)  Absence of a Record of a Regularly Conducted Activity. Evidence that a matter is not included in a record described in paragraph (6) if:

(A)  the evidence is admitted to prove that the matter did not occur or exist;

(B)  a record was regularly kept for a matter of that kind; and

(C)  the opponent does not show that the possible source of the information or other circumstances indicate a lack of trustworthiness.

(8)  Public Records. A record or statement of a public office if:

(A)  it sets out:

i  the office's regularly recorded and regularly conducted activities; or

ii  a matter observed while under a legal duty to report, or factual findings resulting from an investigation conducted under legal authority, but not including:

(a)  a statement or factual finding offered by the public office in a case in which it is a party; or

(b)  an investigative report by law enforcement personnel or a public office’s factual finding resulting from a special investigation of a particular complaint, case, or incident, except when offered by an accused in a criminal case; and

(B)  the opponent does not show that the source of information or other circumstances indicate a lack of trustworthiness.

(9)  Public Records of Vital Statistics.  A record of a birth, death, fetal death, or marriage, if reported to a public office in accordance with a legal duty.

(10)  Absence of a Public Record. Testimony – or certification under Rule 902 – that a diligent search failed to disclose a public record or statement if:

(A)  the testimony or certification is admitted to prove that

i  the record or statement does not exist; or

ii  a matter did not occur or exist, if a public office regularly kept a record or statement for a matter of that kind; and

(B)  in a criminal case, a prosecutor who intends to offer a certification provides written notice of that intent at least 14 days before trial, and the defendant does not object in writing within 7 days of receiving the notice – unless the court sets a different time for the notice or the objection.

(11)  Records of Religious Organizations Concerning Personal or Family History. A statement of birth, legitimacy, ancestry, marriage, divorce, death, relationship by blood or marriage, or similar facts of personal or family history, contained in a regularly kept record of a religious organization.

(12)  Certificates of Marriage, Baptism, and Similar Ceremonies. A statement of fact contained in a certificate:

(A)  made by a person who is authorized by a religious organization or by law to perform the act certified;

(B)  attesting that the person performed a marriage or similar ceremony or administered a sacrament; and

(C)  purporting to have been issued at the time of the act or within a reasonable time after it.

(13)  Family Records. A statement of fact about personal or family history contained in a family record, such as a Bible, genealogy, chart, engraving on a ring, inscription on a portrait, or engraving on an urn or burial marker.

(14)  Records of Documents That Affect an Interest in Property. The record of a document that purports to establish or affect an interest in property if:

(A)  the record is admitted to prove the content of the original recorded document, along with its signing and its delivery by each person who purports to have signed it;

(B)  the record is kept in a public office; and

(C)  a statute authorizes recording documents of that kind in that office.

(15)  Statements in Documents That Affect an Interest in Property. A statement contained in a document that purports to establish or affect an interest in property if the matter stated was relevant to the document's purpose – unless later dealings with the property are inconsistent with the truth of the statement or the purport of the document.

(16)  Statements in Ancient Documents. A statement in a document that is at least 30 years old and whose authenticity is established.

(17)  Market Reports and Similar Commercial Publications. Market quotations, lists, directories, or other compilations that are generally relied on by the public or by persons in particular occupations.

(18)  Statements in Learned Treatises, Periodicals, or Pamphlets. A statement contained in a treatise, periodical, or pamphlet if:

(A)  the statement is called to the attention of an expert witness on cross-examination or relied on by the expert on direct examination; and

(B)  the publication is established as a reliable authority by the expert's admission or testimony, by another expert's testimony, or by judicial notice.

If admitted, the statement may be read into evidence but not received as an exhibit, except upon motion and for good cause shown.

(19)  Reputation Concerning Personal or Family History. A reputation among a person's family by blood, adoption, or marriage – or among a person's associates or in the community – concerning the person's birth, adoption, legitimacy, ancestry, marriage, divorce, death, relationship by blood, adoption, or marriage, or similar facts of personal or family history.

(20)  Reputation Concerning Boundaries or General History. A reputation in a community – arising before the controversy – concerning boundaries of land in the community or customs that affect the land, or concerning general historical events important to that community, state, or nation.

(21)  Reputation Concerning Character. A reputation among a person's associates or in the community concerning the person's character.

(22)  Judgment of a Previous Conviction. Evidence of a final judgment of conviction if:

(A)  the judgment was entered after a trial or guilty plea, but not a nolo contendere plea;

(B)  the conviction was for a crime punishable by death or by imprisonment for more than a year;

(C)  the evidence is admitted to prove any fact essential to the judgment; and

(D)  when offered by the prosecutor in a criminal case for a purpose other than impeachment, the judgment was against the defendant.

The pendency of an appeal may be shown but does not affect admissibility.

(23)  Medical or Dental Tests and Test Results for Diagnostic or Treatment Purposes.  A written, graphic, numerical, symbolic or pictorial representation of the results of a medical or dental test performed for purposes of diagnosis or treatment for which foundation has been established pursuant to Rule 904, unless the opponent shows that the sources of information or other circumstances indicate a lack of trustworthiness.  This exception shall not apply to:

(a) psychological tests;

(b) reports generated pursuant to I.R.C.P. 35(a);

(c) medical or dental tests performed in anticipation of or for purposes of litigation; or

(d) public records specifically excluded from the Rule 803(8) exception to the hearsay rule.

(24)  Other Exceptions.

(A)  In General.  A statement not specifically covered by any of the foregoing exceptions if:

i  the statement has equivalent circumstantial guarantees of trustworthiness.

ii  it is offered as evidence of a material fact;

iii  it is more probative on the point for which it is offered than any other evidence that the proponent can obtain through reasonable efforts; and

iv  admitting it will best serve the purposes of these rules and the interests of justice.

(B)  Notice.  The statement is admissible only if, before the trial or hearing, the proponent gives an adverse party reasonable notice of the intent to offer the statement and its particulars, including the declarant’s name and address, so that the party has a fair opportunity to meet it.

(Adopted March 26, 2018, effective July 1, 2018.)